如何拍出好看的自拍照

Prepare to throw at least some of your selfie standards out of the frame. A recent study from University of Waterloo in Canada is calling into question conventional wisdoms about what makes for a perfect shot.

準備好了哦，你可能要拋棄一些以往的自拍標準了。加拿大滑鐵盧大學最近的一項研究正在質疑傳統智慧：怎樣才能拍出完美的自拍照？

This isn't the first study to examine the type of photo quintessential of the Instagram era, but it does take a new approach. Prior research used selfies posted to Instagram as their test subjects, running algorithms to find commonalities, but the problem with this approach is that those photos are all different. For example, if you look at one of Kim Kardashian's selfies compared to one of Beyoncé's - the clothes, hair, and makeup are distinct, and could each have an effect on whether a fan likes one image more than another.

在Instagram時代，照片十分重要，雖然該項研究並非首個有關照片類型的研究，但該研究的確採取了新方法。先前的研究將發佈在Instagram上的自拍照用作測試對象，用算法找到共同點，但這一方法存在這樣的問題：所有的照片都是不一樣的。比如，如果你將金·卡戴珊的自拍照和碧昂斯的相比--衣服、頭髮和妝容都截然不同，而這些因素都會影響粉絲對照片的喜愛度。

Researchers at the University of Waterloo stripped away these differences in order to focus on three fundamental elements of selfie composition: Where the face is in the frame, how lighting frames the face, and the size of the face in the shot (or, how far away the camera was from the face when taking the selfie). To limit external factors, such as clothing and hair, researchers used what they called synthetic selfies: fake selfies that were computer generated using 3D computer graphics.

滑鐵盧大學的研究人員除去了這些差異，關注了組成自拍照的三個基本因素：臉應該處於相框中的哪個位置、燈光該如何、照片中臉的大小（或是拍自拍照時，照相機該離臉多遠）。爲限制外部因素，比如衣服和頭髮，研究員們使用了被稱之爲合成自拍的照片：使用三維計算機圖形法合成的假的自拍照。

1) Selfies shouldn't be shot too close to the face.

1）自拍時，相機不該靠臉太近。

"In order to get good distance, you need to overextend your arm a bit and hold [the camera] a bit farther away than you might normally when taking a selfie," Daniel Vogel, one of the study's authors and an associate professor in the School of Computer Science at the University of Waterloo, told Refinery29.

"想要拍照好看，你就得再伸長自己的手臂，手拿相機的距離應該比平常的距離再遠一些，"研究的作者之一，滑鐵盧大學計算機科學系的副教授丹尼爾·沃格爾對Refinery29說道。

This doesn't mean you need a selfie stick - in fact, using one could mean the photo is taken too far away from your face. Vogel notes, though, that holding your arm an inch or two farther than usual may feel a bit unnatural.

這也不是說你非得用自拍杆--事實上，用自拍杆拍照時，相機就離臉太遠了。沃格爾提醒道，比平常拍照的距離再多個一二英寸可能會使照片看起來不自然。

2) Selfies should have even lighting.

2）自拍時的燈光應當均勻。

Second, Vogel found that the face should be lit evenly, roughly from the front of the face, though not too high or low, since that could create shadows. This theory gives some validation to the effectiveness of the Kim K-promoted Lumee iPhone case, which is lit around the edges, as well as the case created by Beyoncé's stylist, Ty Hunter.

其次，沃格爾發現：臉上的燈光應該是均勻的，燈光應大致在臉的前方，但不能太高或太低，因爲太高或太低都會產生陰影。這一理論證實了金·卡戴珊推出的Lumee iPhone的有效性，這款燈光在手機邊緣照亮；同時，碧昂斯的造型師Ty Hunter發明的燈光也很好。