大千世界:你可能不知道的20種水果(上)
I was playing a game the other day, in which you have to come up with fruit that starts with every letter of the alphabet. Apple, banana, cherry…. and that is about where I hit a blank. My epic failure at this game made me do some research and what I discovered was a whole world of delicious looking fruit that I had never even known about! I was completely shocked to find that there are actually hundreds of different types of fruit (no need to include them all as omissions in the comments), most of which I had never even heard of. This list is not to rank the fruit, but rather just to inform you about them. The only fruit on this list I consider ranked is No: 1, as it deserves the spot, in clearly being the coolest fruit on the planet. How many of these exotically delicious fruit have you tried?
有一天，我正在打遊戲，玩法是以字母表中的每一個字母依次開始，然後你必須想出某種水果。A——apple（蘋果），B——banana（香蕉），C——cherry（櫻桃）......然後在這我卡住了。這次遊戲的“悲壯”失敗促使我做了一些調查，這才發現，全世界有那麼多長相甜美的水果，而我卻聞所未聞！我震驚地發現，世界上竟有成百上千種不同類型的水果（這還不包括網友們在評論中指出我所遺漏的那些），而大多數我甚至從來都沒聽說過。以下列表並不是對水果排名，僅僅是爲讓你瞭解它們。列表中我唯一認真考慮的是排名第一的水果，排在這個位置，成爲地球上最酷的水果，它當之無愧。這些奇特的美味水果，你又嘗過多少？
20. Sugar AppleAnnona squamosa 番荔枝（拉丁名：Annona squamosa）
Sugar Apples or Sweetsop, is native to the tropical Americas, but is also widely grown in Pakistan, India and the Philippines. The fruit looks a bit like a pine cone, and are about 10 cm in diameter. Under the hard, lumpy skin is the fragrant, whitish flesh of the fruit, which covers several seeds inside, and has a slight taste of custard.
番荔枝，也稱甜蘋果，原產於熱帶美洲，但在巴基斯坦、印度和菲律賓羣島也已廣泛種植。果實看上去有點像松果，直徑約10釐米，堅硬的瘤狀果皮下，是芳香的白色果肉，內含幾粒種子，嚐起來有點奶油凍的味道。
19. Mammee Apple/Mammea americana 曼密蘋果（拉丁名：Mammea americana）
Mammee Apple, Mamey Apple or Santo Domingo Apricot is an evergreen tree, native to South America, which was introduced to various other regions of the world including West Africa and South East Asia. They can also be found in Florida and Hawaii. The Mammee apple is actually a berry and gets up to 20 cm in diameter. It has a thick outer rind, with soft orange to yellow pulp on the inside. It usually had one seed in the centre, but larger fruit have been known to carry up to 4. The pulp is sweet and fragrant.
曼密蘋果，又稱馬梅蘋果或聖多明哥杏，是一種常綠樹種，原產地爲南美洲，後被世界上很多地區引進種植，包括西非和東南亞，你也可以在佛羅里達州和夏威夷州發現它們。曼密蘋果實際上是一種莓果，直徑可達20釐米，果殼很厚，內部果肉柔軟，顏色橙黃交織，通常在中心有一顆種子，但較大的果實種子可達4顆，果肉香甜。
18. CherymoyaAnnona cherimola 毛葉番荔枝（拉丁：Annona cherimola）
Cherymoya, or custard apple, is a deciduous plant found in the high lying mountainous areas of South America. The fruit is vaguely round and is found with 3 types of skin – Impressa (indented), Tuberculate (covered in nodules) or intermediate (a combination of the first two). The flesh inside the skin is very fragrant, white, juicy and has a custard like consistency. It is said that the fruit tastes like a combination of banana, passion fruit, papaya and pineapple. Mark Twain said in 1866 “ the most delicious fruit known to men, cherimoya”
毛葉番荔枝，又稱軟凍蘋果，是南美洲連綿高山地帶發現的一種落葉植物。果實隱約呈圓形，果皮有三種類型——凹痕狀、結瘤狀、或前兩種形狀的混合；內部的果肉芳香濃郁，白色多汁，肉質像奶油凍。據說水果吃起來像香蕉、百香果、番木瓜和菠蘿四種水果的混合口味。馬克.吐溫在1866年說過“毛葉番荔枝是人類已知最可口的水果”。
17. PlatoniaPlatonia insignis 普拉藤果（拉丁名：Platonia insignis）
Platonia or Bacuri is a large tree (reaching 40m) found in the rain forests of Brazil and Paraguay. The fruit become the size of a orange, and have a thick yellow peel which oozes a yellow latex when pressed. Inside there is a sticky white pulp, wrapped around several black seeds, which tastes pleasant and has a sweet and sour flavor.
普拉藤果，又稱包可果，是在巴西和巴拉圭熱帶雨林發現一種大型樹種（樹木高達40米），果實有橙子般大小，厚厚的黃色果皮受到擠壓，就會滲出黃色的膠乳，內部是粘狀的白色果肉，包裹着幾粒黑色的種子，口味宜人，酸甜酸甜的。
16. CoconaSolanum sessiliflorum 科科納果（拉丁名：Solanum sessiliflorum）
Cocona fruit is another tropical fruit found in the mountainous regions of South America. It grows on a small shrub, and can miraculously grow from seed to fruit in less than 9 months, after which the fruit will take another 2 months to ripen. The fruit is a berry and comes in red, orange or yellow. It has a similar appearance to tomatoes, and is said to taste like a mixture between tomatoes and lemons.
科科納果是在南美洲山區發現的另一種熱帶水果，它結在一種小型灌木上，用不了9個月，種子便可奇蹟般地長成果實，再過2個月便可成熟。科科納果屬於一種漿果，有紅色、橙色和黃色，外型與西紅柿相似，據說吃起來像西紅柿和檸檬的混合味道。
15. BreadfruitArtocarpus altilis 麪包果（拉丁名：Artocarpus altilis）
Breadfruit is a large tree, in the mulberry family, found native to the Philippines and all the islands in Southeast Asia. The fruit is similar to bananas, as they can be eaten raw when ripe, and cooked when unripe. The ripe fruit is soft and sweet, while the unripe fruit is harder and starchy, which is where it got the name breadfruit from, as it tastes similar to freshly baked bread when cooked.
麪包樹是一種桑科大樹種，是菲律賓和東南亞所有島國的特產。果實跟香蕉一樣，成熟後可以生吃，未熟時可以煮着吃，成熟後香甜柔軟，未熟時較硬，澱粉多，之所以叫麪包果，是因爲把它煮熟後，嚐起來像新鮮出爐的麪包。
14. DukuLansium domesticum 龍貢果（拉丁名：Lansium domesticum）
Duku or lungsat are two very similar fruits found throughout Asia. They come from the same family, look and taste identical, with one difference. The skin of the lungsat contains a latex substance, which is not poisonous, but causes the skin to stick slightly to the fruit, whereas the duku has no latex and the peel is removed with more ease. Inside, the fruit has 5 segments, some of which has bitter seeds inside. It is a very sweet fruit and can be prepared in a number of different ways, including being canned in syrup or being dried like raisins.
龍貢果和蘭撒果在整個亞洲都可以找到，它們是兩種極爲相似的水果，屬於同科，看上去和吃起來都相同，只有一點區別：蘭撒果的果皮含有乳膠物質，無毒性，但會使果皮和果肉輕輕地粘在一起；而龍貢果果皮不含乳膠，果皮很容易剝開。果實分成5瓣，有些果瓣內種子較苦，果肉很甜，有多種不同的吃法，如製成罐裝的糖漿，或曬成水果乾。
13. SafouDacryodes edulis 非洲梅（拉丁名：Dacryodes edulis）
Safou is an evergreen tree found in the humid tropical forests of Africa, as far south as Angola, and as far north as Nigeria. The fruits are also known as African pears and are oblong dark blue to violet fruits up to 14cm in length, with pale green flesh inside. These fatty fruits have been said to have the ability to put an end to starvation in Africa, as 48% of the fruit is made up of essential fatty acids, amino acids, Vitamins and triglycerides. The have estimated that a one hectare plantation would be able to produce 7-8 tons of oil, and all parts of the plant can be used.
非洲梅是一種常綠樹種，在非洲潮溼的熱帶雨林地區，南到安哥拉，北至尼日利亞均可見到。果實也稱爲非洲梨，橢圓形，果皮顏色深藍色和紫色相間，長約14釐米，內部果肉呈淺綠色。據說這種含有脂肪的水果有能力終結非洲的飢餓問題，水果的48%是由必需脂肪酸、氨基酸、多種維生素和甘油三酸脂組成。據估計1公頃的水果園能夠產出7到8噸的油，而且該果樹的各個部分均有利用價值。
12. JabuticabaMyrciaria cauliflora 嘉寶果（拉丁名：Myrciaria cauliflora）
Jabuticaba, or the Brazilian grape tree, is a very strange plant native to the South Eastern parts of Brazil. What makes this plant so strange is that it fruits from its trunk. No, I did not make that up, and no the picture has not been photo shopped. Initially, yellowish white flowers will appear all over the trunk and main branches, these flowers will then turn into fruit, about 3 – 4cm in diameter. Inside the thick purple skin is the soft gelatinous flesh of the fruit, along with 1 – 4 black seeds. The fruit is sweet and can be eaten as is or made into a wine or liqueur. Unfortunately, the fruit does not keep long when off the tree and will start to ferment after about 3 or 4 days.
嘉寶果，又稱巴西樹葡萄，原產於巴西東南地區，它是一種非常奇怪的植物，果實直接長在樹幹上。不，不，不，上面這張圖片可不是僞造的，絕對沒有PS過。最初，整個樹幹和主枝上都會開滿黃白色的花，花朵最終變成果實，直徑約3到4釐米。在厚厚的紫色果皮內是軟軟的凝膠狀果肉和1至4粒黑色的種子。果實很甜，可以直接食用或釀製果酒和利口酒。不幸的是，果實從樹上落下後不能保存太長時間，3到4天后就開始發酵。
11. RambutanNephelium lappaceum 紅毛丹（拉丁名：Nephelium lappaceum）
Rambutan is an odd fruit that looks like a furry strawberry from the outside, and much like a lychee on the inside. It is native to South East Asia, but has been spread and a smaller “wild” version can be found in Costa Rica, where it is called a Chinese sucker. The fruit is an oval shape and about 3-6 cm in diameter. Inside the slightly hard, but easily peal able skin, you can find a soft fruit that tastes slightly sweet, with a possible sour tinge.
紅毛丹長相奇怪，外部看上去像一個毛茸茸的草莓，內部更像荔枝，原產於東南亞，現在廣泛種植，在哥斯達黎加能夠發現較小的“野生”紅毛丹，稱爲“中國棒糖”。果實橢圓形，直徑約3至6釐米，內部稍硬，很容易剝皮，撕開皮後，你會發現果肉柔軟，吃起來微甜中透着酸。
小編有約：親愛的朋友們，你們見過那種水果呢？
