楊潔篪：新形勢下中國外交理論和實踐創新
新形勢下中國外交理論和實踐創新
Innovations in China’s Diplomatic Theory and Practice under New Conditions
楊潔篪
Yang Jiechi
黨的十八大勝利閉幕和今年“兩會”結束以來，面對新形勢新任務，以習近平同志爲總書記的黨中央準確把握世界格局變化和中國發展大勢，着眼長遠和戰略全局，在保持外交大政方針延續性和穩定性的基礎上，統籌國內國際兩個大局，審時度勢，開拓進取，推進外交理論和實踐創新，實現良好開局，謀劃全面佈局，提出許多重大對外戰略思想、外交政策和策略方針，開展一系列重大對外行動，不僅爲黨和國家工作全面推進創造了有利外部條件，而且豐富和發展了中國特色外交理論體系。
Since the successful conclusion of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) last year and the end of the annual sessions of the National People’s Congress (NPC) and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) earlier this year, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary has, in light of new conditions and new tasks, focused on China’s long-term and strategic agenda with a keen appreciation of the evolving global environment and trends of development at home. Bearing in mind both the domestic and international interests of the country and maintaining the continuity and consistency of its major diplomatic policies, it has promoted innovations in diplomatic theory and practice by keeping up with the trend of the times and pushing ahead with a pioneering spirit. With a good beginning made and an overall plan adopted, the Party Central Committee has put forth many important strategic ideas on China’s external affairs as well as diplomatic policies and principles, and taken a number of major diplomatic initiatives which have not only created external conditions favorable for facilitating the work of the Party and the state across the board, but also enriched and developed the system of diplomatic theory with Chinese characteristics.
一、外交開局和佈局充分體現了戰略性、全局性、創新性。
I. The new diplomatic initiatives as taken are strategic, overarching and innovative in nature.
黨的十八大後，針對國際社會對以習近平同志爲總書記的黨中央大政方針走向的高度關注，習近平同志的首次外事活動專門會見在華工作的外國專家代表。此後，中共中央政治局又圍繞堅定不移走和平發展道路進行集體學習。在這些內外活動中，習近平同志發表重要講話，闡述了中國對外開放戰略和外交政策，向外界發出中國新一屆中央領導集體將堅持改革開放，堅持走和平發展道路，堅持奉行互利共贏的開放戰略，堅定維護國家核心利益的明確信息。
Given close international attention on major policy direction of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary after the 18th Party Congress, Comrade Xi Jinping made his diplomatic debut by meeting the representatives of foreign experts working in China. Later, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a collective study session on unswervingly following the path of peaceful development. On both occasions, Comrade Xi Jinping made important remarks on China’s opening-up strategy and foreign policy, sending out a clear message that China’s new collective central leadership is committed to reform and opening-up, the path of peaceful development and the strategy of win-win cooperation with the outside world while resolutely upholding China’s core national interests.
今年“兩會”結束以來，習近平同志等黨和國家領導人分別出訪亞非拉和歐洲、北美各大洲，涵蓋大國、周邊、新興市場國家和發展中國家，接待數十個國家領導人來訪。通過走出去、請進來和多雙邊結合，我國領導人同一百多位外國國家元首和領導人會見接觸，有力促進了我國與世界各國的友好往來和務實合作。
Since the end of the annual NPC and CPPCC sessions this year, Comrade Xi Jinping and other Party and state leaders have paid visits to major countries, neighboring countries, emerging market economies and developing countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America, Europe and North America, and hosted visits by dozens of foreign leaders. These activities of bilateral and multilateral diplomacy both at home and abroad have enabled Chinese leaders to meet more than one hundred foreign heads of state and leaders, which has effectively enhanced China’s friendly exchanges and pragmatic cooperation with other countries.
積極運籌與主要大國關係。習近平同志擔任中國國家主席後，將俄羅斯作爲首次出訪第一站，加強了中俄經貿、能源和戰略安全合作，夯實了中俄全面戰略協作夥伴關係基礎。習近平同志赴美國洛杉磯安納伯格莊園同美國總統奧巴馬舉行會晤，雙方同意共同努力構建中美新型大國關係，相互尊重、合作共贏，爲兩國關係未來發展指明瞭方向、規劃了藍圖。中美還成功舉行第五輪戰略與經濟對話，在落實兩國元首共識、推進中美新型大國關係建設方面取得積極進展。我其他黨和國家領導人訪問多個歐洲國家，我們還接待了法國總統奧朗德等歐洲國家領導人訪華，不斷開拓中歐互利務實合作的新領域。
Actively promoting relations with the major countries. Comrade Xi Jinping made Russia the first leg of his first overseas visit as China’s President, which strengthened bilateral cooperation in the economy, trade, energy and strategic security and consolidated the basis of the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination. Comrade Xi Jinping held meetings with US President Barack Obama at the Annenberg Estate in Los Angeles, during which the two sides agreed to work together to build a new model of major-country relationship based on mutual respect and win-win cooperation, thus charting the course and drawing the blueprint for growing China-US relations in the future. China and the United States also successfully held their fifth round of Strategic and Economic Dialogues, making good progress in implementing the agreement of the two presidents and advancing the building of a new model of major-country relationship. With other Chinese Party and state leaders visiting European countries, China has played host to French President Francois Hollande and other European leaders, and worked steadily to open up new areas of mutually-beneficial and pragmatic cooperation between China and Europe.
全力穩定和拓展周邊睦鄰友好關係。我國同周邊國家關係總體上朝着更加積極的方向發展。習近平同志出席博鰲亞洲論壇2013年年會並舉行系列國事活動，集中闡釋我國內外政策新理念，增進與有關國家的戰略互信，提升與周邊國家關係。我們接待越南國家主席張晉創、韓國總統朴槿惠、巴基斯坦總理謝里夫等周邊國家領導人來訪，加強與東南亞、中亞等周邊國家的雙邊關係，鞏固睦鄰友好合作。在釣魚島、南海等問題上，堅定維護我國領土主權與海洋權益，推動周邊國家通過對話談判妥善處理和解決爭端。在朝核問題上，堅持半島無核化目標，積極做有關國家工作，推動半島局勢趨向緩和。
Energetically working to stabilize and advance the friendly and good-neighborly relations in the surrounding areas. China’s relations with its neighbors are, on the whole, moving towards a more favorable direction. While attending the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2013 and the state events held on its sidelines, Comrade Xi Jinping expounded on the new ideas in China’s domestic and foreign policies, which promoted China’s strategic trust with the relevant countries and elevated its relations with the neighboring countries. We have received visits by state leaders from neighboring countries, such as President Truong Tan Sang of Viet Nam, President Park Geun-hye of the ROK and Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif of Pakistan, strengthened bilateral ties with neighboring countries in areas including Southeast Asia and Central Asia, and consolidated our good-neighborly friendship and cooperation with them. With respect to such issues as Diaoyu Island and South China Sea, we have acted firmly to uphold our territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests while working hard to appropriately handle and resolve the disputes with the neighboring countries through dialogue and negotiation. On the Korean nuclear issue, while firmly committed to the goal of denuclearization on the Peninsula, we have actively reached out to relevant countries to move the situation on the Peninsula towards relaxation.大力加強與發展中國家友好合作。習近平同志先後成功訪問非洲和拉美，充分體現了我們對發展中國家的高度重視。習近平同志訪問坦桑尼亞、南非、剛果共和國，開創了我國國家元首首次出訪就訪非的先例。習近平同志還以早餐會形式同十多位非洲國家領導人見面，在傳承友誼、增進互信、推進合作、共謀發展等方面取得豐碩成果。習近平同志訪問特立尼達和多巴哥、哥斯達黎加、墨西哥，並與加勒比地區8國領導人舉行雙邊會談，增進了政治互信，加強了務實合作，提升了我國同拉美和加勒比國家的整體合作水平。
Vigorously working to strengthen friendship and cooperation with developing countries. Comrade Xi Jinping’s successful visits to Africa and Latin America have fully reflected the great importance we attach to developing countries. By visiting Tanzania, South Africa and the Republic of the Congo, Comrade Xi Jinping set a precedent for a Chinese head of state to visit Africa during his first overseas trip. What is more, he met with over a dozen African leaders at a breakfast meeting, with fruitful results achieved in renewing friendship, enhancing mutual trust, advancing cooperation and identifying opportunities for common development. By visiting Trinidad and Tobago, Costa Rica and Mexico and holding bilateral talks with leaders of eight Caribbean countries, Comrade Xi Jinping has enhanced China’s political trust and result-oriented cooperation with them and brought China’s overall cooperation with Latin America and the Caribbean to a new high.
深入參與和引導多邊外交進程。習近平同志在會見國際組織領導人時強調，中國積極倡導和踐行多邊主義，高度重視聯合國等國際組織的重要作用。中國將履行自己應盡的國際義務，在維護世界和平與安全、促進人類發展和進步以及解決全球性問題和挑戰等領域與相關國際組織深度合作。我國與重要國際組織的關係取得新的發展。習近平同志出席在南非德班舉行的金磚國家領導人第五次會晤，就全球經濟和政治領域重大問題與其他發展中大國加強溝通協調，推進金磚國家機制建設。會晤後發表《德班宣言》和行動計劃，決定建立金磚國家開發銀行和外匯儲備庫等，爲推動建立更加公正合理的國際政治經濟新秩序注入強勁動力。
Deeply engaging in and shaping processes of multilateral diplomacy. When meeting leaders of international organizations, Comrade Xi Jinping stressed China’s commitment to the advocacy and practice of multilateralism and the great value it places on the important role of the United Nations and other international organizations. China will honor its due international obligations and work in close cooperation with relevant international organizations in maintaining world peace and security, promoting human development and progress and addressing global issues and challenges. Fresh progress has been made in China’s relations with major international organizations. Attending the Fifth BRICS Leaders’ Meeting in Durban, South Africa, Comrade Xi Jinping worked for closer communication and coordination with other major developing countries on global economic and political matters of great consequence and brought about progress in building BRICS mechanisms. The Summit issued the eThekwini Declaration and Action Plan, decided to establish a development bank and a contingent reserve arrangement among BRICS countries, thus providing a strong impetus to the establishment of a new international political and economic order that is fairer and more equitable.
以習近平同志爲總書記的黨中央在繼承中創新，外交開局氣勢恢宏，外交佈局全面均衡，使新形勢下的中國外交呈現出理念豐富、重點突出、立場堅定、策略靈活、風格鮮明等特點，不僅充分調動了各方發展對華關係的積極性，爲下半年乃至今後5至10年對外工作奠定了良好基礎，而且有力提振了黨心、軍心、民心，極大激發了全黨全國各族人民爲實現黨的十八大確定的“兩個一百年”奮鬥目標而努力拼搏的熱情。
The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary has made innovative headway on the basis of past achievements. A sound and momentous beginning has thus been achieved in our diplomatic work. With the layout being more comprehensive and more balanced, China’s diplomacy under new circumstances displays such features as rich ideas, clear priorities, firm positions, flexible approaches and distinctive styles. This has not only aroused greater interest of all parties to further grow relations with China, which paves the way for sound diplomatic work in the latter half of the year and even the next five to ten years, but also boosted the morale of the Party, the army and the people, thus greatly galvanizing the enthusiasm of our Party and our people of all ethnic groups to work for the realization of the “two centenary goals” as set by the 18th Party Congress.
二、外交理論和實踐創新取得一系列重大成果。
II. Innovations in diplomatic theory and practice have resulted in major achievements.
面對錯綜複雜的國際局勢，以習近平同志爲總書記的黨中央發揚我們黨理論聯繫實際的優良作風，勇於探索，堅持內政和外交有機統一、中國特色與時代特徵融爲一體，在很短的時間裏取得了一系列外交理論和實踐的重要突破，體現了開拓創新的決心，展現出寬廣的世界眼光、前瞻的戰略思維和駕馭全局的能力，爲開創外交工作新局面、抓住和用好重要戰略機遇期提供了有力的理論和實踐保障。
Confronted with a highly complex international situation, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary has carried forward the Party’s fine tradition of linking theory with practice, made courageous explorations by combining domestic affairs with foreign affairs and integrating Chinese features with the trend of the times, and achieved a series of major breakthroughs in diplomatic theory and practice within a very short period of time. Displaying a strong resolve for innovation, a broad, strategic and forward-looking global perspective, and a capacity to command the overall situation, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary has provided a powerful guarantee in both theory and practice for innovative diplomatic work and better use of the important period of strategic opportunities.
（一）提出中國夢重要思想並賦予其深刻的內涵，增進我國與世界各國的交流合作。
1. Putting forth the important thinking of the Chinese dream with profoundly enriched contents with a view to boosting exchanges and cooperation between China and the rest of the world.
黨的十八大以來，習近平同志在出訪和接待外國來賓的過程中，向各國領導人和公衆深入介紹實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢重要思想，闡述中國夢的豐富內涵。
During his trips abroad or meetings with visiting foreign guests at home since the 18th Party Congress, Comrade Xi Jinping has spoken profusely to leaders and people of foreign countries on the important thinking of the Chinese dream, namely, to achieve the great renewal of the Chinese nation.
習近平同志強調，中國夢是中國各族人民的夢，也是每個中國百姓的夢。中國夢的實現需要和平穩定的國際和周邊環境，中國將堅持通過和平發展方式實現中國夢。中國夢與世界各國人民的夢想息息相通，中國在實現自身發展的同時將努力帶動和幫助其他國家特別是發展中國家和周邊國家發展。中國將與各國更多分享發展機遇，使他們更好地實現自己的夢想。中國希望同世界各國合作共贏、共同發展。中國人民希望通過實現中國夢，同各國人民一道，攜手共圓世界夢。
Comrade Xi Jinping has emphatically pointed out that the Chinese dream is shared by the Chinese people of all ethnic groups and cherished by each and every individual in the country. The Chinese dream requires a peaceful and stable international and neighboring environment, and China is committed to realizing the dream through peaceful development. Since the Chinese dream is closely linked with the dreams of other peoples around the world, China is committed to helping other countries, developing countries and neighboring countries in particular, with their development while achieving development of its own. China will share more development opportunities with other countries so as to facilitate their efforts to realize their dreams. China hopes to see win-win cooperation and common development with the rest of the world. While working to realize the Chinese dream, the people of China are desirous of realizing the world dream through concerted efforts with people around the world.習近平同志就中國夢所作的全面深入細緻的闡述，是中國堅持走和平發展道路重要思想在新時期的繼承與發展，增進了國際社會對中國和平發展戰略的理解和認同，在國際上受到普遍讚賞與歡迎。很多國家領導人和各界人士表示，中國夢與他們自己國家和人民的夢想是一致的，願意同中國一道努力實現人類共同的美好理想。這一事實有力挫敗了某些國際勢力歪曲與詆譭中國夢的圖謀。
Comrade Xi Jinping’s comprehensive, profound and exquisite description of the Chinese dream is a continuation and development of the important thinking of China’s peaceful development in the new era. It has enhanced international understanding and recognition of China’s peaceful development strategy and received extensive appreciation and applause. Many foreign leaders and people from various sectors regard the Chinese dream as fully consistent with the dreams of their own countries and own peoples, and have expressed readiness to join the Chinese people in realizing the beautiful dream shared by the entire mankind. This fact has dealt a powerful blow to the attempts by certain international forces at distorting and smearing the Chinese dream.
中國夢重要思想不僅大大激勵了中國人民實現中華民族偉大復興的決心和信心，同時也有力提升了我國對外影響力和親和力，增強了我國在國際事務中的地位和話語權，充分體現了內政和外交的有機結合與高度統一。
The important thinking of the Chinese dream has not only energized our people’s determination and confidence in accomplishing the great renewal of the Chinese nation but also substantially boosted China’s appeal and influence in the world, enhanced our stature and voice in international affairs and given full expression to the strong synergy between our domestic and external agenda.
（二）提出構建中美新型大國關係，同時努力推動與各大國關係的發展。
2. Putting forth the vision of building a new model of major-country relationship between China and the United States while striving to advance relations with other major countries.
推動構建中美新型大國關係，實現中國與各大國關係的良性互動、合作共贏，是以習近平同志爲總書記的黨中央關於運籌大國關係的重要理念。這既是充分汲取歷史經驗教訓、準確把握時代潮流、將中國自身利益與世界各國利益緊密結合作出的戰略抉擇，也是實現“兩個一百年”奮鬥目標的內在需要和堅持和平發展這一總體對外戰略的必然要求。
To promote the building of a new model of major-country relationship between China and the United States and bring about sound interaction and win-win cooperation with major countries is an important thinking of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary concerning China’s relations with other major countries. The thinking is a strategic choice made based on a full review of the experience and lessons of history, a correct reading of the trend of the times and a need to integrate China’s interests with those of other countries. It is also the inherent requirement of the “two centenary goals” and the inevitable demand for our overall strategy of peaceful development.
中美就構建新型大國關係達成重要共識。在中美元首安納伯格莊園會晤中，習近平同志與美國總統奧巴馬一致同意，中美將共同努力構建新型大國關係，造福兩國和世界人民。習近平同志用三句話對新型大國關係內涵進行了精闢概括：一是不衝突、不對抗。就是要客觀理性看待彼此戰略意圖，堅持做夥伴、不做對手；通過對話合作、而非對抗衝突的方式，妥善處理矛盾和分歧。二是相互尊重。就是要尊重各自選擇的社會制度和發展道路，尊重彼此核心利益和重大關切，求同存異，包容互鑑，共同進步。三是合作共贏。就是要摒棄零和思維，在追求自身利益時兼顧對方利益，在尋求自身發展時促進共同發展，不斷深化利益交融格局。習近平同志還指出，爲落實構建中美新型大國關係共識，雙方要提升對話互信新水平，在開展務實合作方面採取新步驟，建立大國互動新模式，探索管控分歧新辦法。中美建立新型大國關係前無古人、後啓來者，是一項沒有現成經驗可循的歷史創舉，不會一帆風順，但只要我們看清形勢、認準目標、堅定信心、不斷推進，就一定能推動中美關係健康穩定發展。
China and the United States have reached important agreement on the building of a new model of major-country relationship. During their meetings at the Annenberg Estate, Comrade Xi Jinping and President Obama agreed that the two countries would work together to build a new model of major-country relationship that benefits both peoples and the people in the world. Comrade Xi Jinping summarized such a new model with three insightful sentences. First, non-conflict and non-confrontation. That requires the two sides to view each other’s strategic intention in an objective and sensible way, stay as partners instead of adversaries, and properly handle their differences and disputes through dialogue and cooperation instead of taking a confrontational approach. Second, mutual respect. That requires the two sides to respect each other’s choice of social system and development path, respect each other’s core interests and major concerns, seek common ground while shelving differences, uphold inclusiveness and mutual learning, and make progress side by side. Third, win-win cooperation. That requires the two sides to abandon the zero-sum mentality, accommodate the other’s interests while seeking one’s own, promote common development while developing oneself, and continue to deepen the pattern of shared interests. Comrade Xi Jinping also pointed out that to implement the agreement on the building of a new model of major-country relationship, the two sides need to bring their dialogue and trust to a new level, take new steps in their pragmatic cooperation, establish a new pattern of major-country interaction, and explore new ways to manage their differences. The building of a new model of major-country relationship between China and the United States is an unprecedented endeavor that will inspire future generations. It is a historic innovation that has no ready experience to copy. As such, it may not be a plain sailing process. Nevertheless, as long as we size up the situation, focus on the goal, be firm in our determination and keep forging ahead, we will be able to achieve sound and steady growth of China-US relations.
同時，在我國積極運籌和推進下，我國與其他大國關係也取得新進展和新突破。中俄戰略互信不斷深化，經貿合作水平穩步提升，能源等重大合作項目取得新突破，在重大國際和地區問題、全球經濟治理等方面保持密切協調，全面戰略協作夥伴關係取得新發展。中歐合作領域進一步拓寬，相互利益交融不斷加深，戰略合作關係水平持續提升。我們還積極發展與發展中大國及地區大國的友好合作關係，取得明顯成效。
Meanwhile, with active planning and facilitation, China’s relations with other major countries have also made fresh progress and breakthroughs. China and Russia have deepened strategic trust, scaled up business cooperation, made new breakthroughs in major energy cooperation projects, maintained close coordination on major international and regional issues and in global economic governance, and achieved new progress in growing their comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination. China and the European Union have expanded cooperation areas, deepened shared interests, and continued to elevate strategic relations and cooperation to new heights. We have also made active efforts and achieved notable results in developing friendship and cooperation with other major developing countries and major regional countries.
（三）提出堅持正確義利觀，加強與周邊和發展中國家的友好合作。
3. Putting forth the right approach to upholding justice and seeking interests with a view to enhancing friendship and cooperation with neighboring countries and developing countries.
正確處理“義”和“利”的關係是中國優秀傳統文化的一個精髓，也是中華民族傳承至今的道德準則，不僅是指導個人爲人處世的重要原則，也是指導國家處理國際關係的重要原則。習近平同志秉承中華文化和新中國外交優良傳統，針對我國與發展中國家和周邊國家關係面臨的新形勢新任務，強調在同這些國家發展關係時要樹立正確義利觀，政治上堅持正義、秉持公道、道義爲先，經濟上堅持互利共贏、共同發展。對那些對我國長期友好而自身發展任務艱鉅的周邊和發展中國家，要更多地考慮到對方利益，不要損人利己，以鄰爲壑。
To strike a balance between upholding justice and seeking interests is at the heart of traditional Chinese culture and a moral benchmark observed by the Chinese nation throughout the centuries. This important principle governs both personal conduct and China’s relations with other countries. Inheriting the fine traditions of Chinese culture and the diplomacy of New China and keeping in mind the new tasks in the new period of China’s relations with other developing countries and its neighbors, Comrade Xi Jinping underscores the need to adopt the right approach to upholding justice and seeking interests in growing relations with these countries. Politically, we should uphold justice and fairness as a guiding principle. Economically, we should pursue mutual benefit and common development. In growing relations with our neighbors and other developing countries that have long been friendly towards China yet face daunting challenges in development, we will accommodate their interests rather than seeking benefits at their expense or shifting troubles unto them.
我們以正確義利觀爲引導，加強對周邊和發展中國家工作。習近平同志訪非期間與非洲領導人坦誠交心，全面闡述中國對非政策，提出對非合作的真、實、親、誠四字箴言，特別強調中非合作的互利共贏性質，表示中國將不折不扣落實承諾，不附加任何政治條件，重在幫助非洲國家把資源優勢轉化爲發展優勢，實現多元、自主、可持續發展。習近平同志的講話引起非洲領導人和民衆強烈共鳴，他們紛紛表示中國對非洲的幫助是真誠的，目的是促進非洲發展，非洲國家完全信任中國。
We will follow the right approach to upholding justice and seeking interests in strengthening relations with our neighbors and other developing countries. During his visit to Africa, Comrade Xi Jinping had sincere and cordial discussions with African leaders, in which he expounded on China’s Africa policy and stressed China’s commitment to cooperation with Africa with sincerity, real results, affinity and good faith. In particular, he emphasized the win-win nature of China-Africa cooperation. He reiterated that China will fully honor its commitment to Africa, attach no political strings to aid to Africa, help African countries translate their strength in natural resources into progress in development and achieve diverse, independent and sustainable development. Comrade Xi Jinping’s remarks struck a chord among African leaders and people. Many of them said that China’s help to Africa is sincere and aims at boosting Africa’s development and that Africa has full trust in China.習近平同志訪問特立尼達和多巴哥、哥斯達黎加，落實了一大批重大合作項目，體現了我國幫助中美洲有關國家發展的誠意。習近平同志宣佈，中國將面向加勒比友好國家設立優惠貸款和基礎設施建設專項貸款，受到有關國家的歡迎。習近平同志訪問墨西哥，在促進兩國經貿領域合作方面取得積極成果，雙方宣佈將中墨關係提升爲全面戰略伙伴關係。
During Comrade Xi Jinping’s visit to Trinidad and Tobago and Costa Rica, a large number of major cooperation projects were agreed upon, which testifies to China’s sincerity in helping Central American countries to achieve development. Comrade Xi Jinping announced that China would provide preferential loans and special infrastructure loans to Caribbean countries having friendly ties with China, and this was warmly received. Comrade Xi Jinping’s visit to Mexico boosted bilateral business ties, and the two sides announced the upgrading of China-Mexico relations to a comprehensive strategic partnership.
（四）提出加強外交工作的頂層設計、策略運籌和底線思維，堅定維護國家核心利益。
4. Proposing stronger top-level designing and strategic planning in diplomatic work including the bottom line thinking with a view to resolutely upholding China’s core interests.
習近平同志多次強調，要從頂層設計角度對中長期對外工作作出戰略規劃。黨中央高瞻遠矚、總攬全局，觀大勢、謀大事，不斷加強頂層設計和戰略謀劃，通過一系列重大外交行動，將大國、周邊、發展中國家、多邊等工作密切結合，綜合施策，推動了與各方關係的全面發展，達到了外交工作開好頭、起好步、布好局的預期目標，爲運籌中長期外交整體佈局奠定了良好基礎。
Comrade Xi Jinping has repeatedly called for stronger top-level designing and medium to long-term strategic planning for China’s diplomatic work. The Party Central Committee, demonstrating a long-term and broad vision and bearing in mind the underlying trend and major events, has stepped up such efforts by integrating China’s relations with the world’s major countries, its neighbors and other developing countries and multilateral diplomacy through a series of major initiatives. This has promoted an all-round growth of China’s relations with various parties, meeting our target of a good start and solid layout in our diplomatic work and setting the stage for the medium and long-term pursuit of our objectives.
以習近平同志爲總書記的黨中央高度重視對外政策的具體執行環節，強調要搞好策略運籌，順勢而爲，根據國際形勢和外部環境變化，及時調整政策和策略，正確處理對外工作中遇到的新情況新問題。要有底線思維，處理問題既要朝好的方向努力，也要做最壞的打算。習近平同志強調，中國堅定不移走和平發展道路，但決不能放棄我們的正當利益，絕不能犧牲國家核心利益。任何外國不要指望我們會吞下損害我國主權、安全、發展利益的苦果。在外交實踐中不迴避矛盾和問題，妥善處理同有關國家的分歧和摩擦，同時推動各領域交流合作，通過合作擴大共同利益的匯合點，努力維護同周邊國家關係及地區和平穩定大局。
The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary attaches great importance to the details of implementing China’s foreign policy. It calls for the need to follow new trend in strategic planning, to make timely policy adjustments in light of shifting international developments and the changing external environment, and to properly address new issues and problems in our diplomatic work. We must keep in mind the bottom line, working for the best but preparing for the worst. Comrade Xi Jinping has stressed that while firmly committed to peaceful development, we definitely must not forsake our legitimate interests or compromise our core national interests. No country should expect us to swallow the bitter fruit that undermines our sovereignty, security and development interests. In our diplomatic work, we will not dodge disputes or problems as there may be. Rather, we will endeavor to properly handle the differences and problems with relevant countries, while working to promote exchanges and cooperation in various fields to expand common interests and maintain good relations with neighboring countries and peace and stability in the region as a whole.
（五）提出加強外事工作的統籌協調，以確保中央對外交工作的集中統一領導。
5. Putting forth the need for enhanced coordination in diplomatic work to ensure unified central leadership over the operations.
黨中央從統籌國內國際兩個大局出發，高度重視對外事工作的統籌協調，強調外事工作必須內外兼顧、通盤籌劃、統一指揮、統籌實施，要求中央和地方、政府和民間、涉外各部門牢固樹立外交一盤棋意識，各司其職，形成合力，既充分發揮各方面的積極性和創造力，又從國家利益的高度做好集中調度，保障中央對對外工作的領導、決策、管理、處置等各項功能順利實施，確保中央對外戰略意圖的實現。半年來，中央加強了有關機制建設，逐步理順體制機制，制定了明確規定，加強與規範外事和外事管理工作，有力改進和加強了中央對外事工作的集中統一領導和統籌協調。
To better coordinate the country’s domestic and international agenda, the Party Central Committee attaches great importance to a holistic management of foreign affairs. It calls for balanced considerations, overall planning, unified command and coordinated implementation. It requires the central and local governments, non-governmental organizations and all foreign-related agencies to work together to form synergy, with each performing their respective functions. We should fully motivate all the parties involved and spark their creativity, and at the same time subject their activities to the unified management guided by national interests. Efforts should be made to ensure the smooth exercise of leadership by the Party Central Committee in decision-making, management and specific handling of foreign-related affairs so as to realize its strategic intentions in diplomatic work. In the past six months, by strengthening institution-building, sorting out relevant systems and mechanisms and formulating clear-cut regulations, the Party Central Committee has succeeded in improving the management of foreign-related work with stronger and better coordinated operations.
三、深入學習貫徹外交理論和實踐創新成果，開創外交工作新局面。
III. We must earnestly study and apply the achievements of innovations in diplomatic theory and practice to make new progress in diplomatic work.
當前，新形勢下的外交工作已經由實現良好開局、謀篇佈局進入到全面展開、深入推進階段。綜觀全局，我國發展仍處於可以大有作爲的重要戰略機遇期，同時也面臨複雜嚴峻挑戰。以習近平同志爲總書記的黨中央在外交理論和實踐方面的重要創新成果，不僅爲下一階段外交工作的開展奠定了堅實基礎，更指明瞭正確方向。我們要深入學習領會其實質內涵，不斷總結提煉有關經驗啓示，用於指導外交實踐。在良好開局基礎上，再接再厲，開拓進取，不斷優化外交佈局，更好發揮首腦外交引領作用，大力推動與各大國關係的發展，加大與周邊和發展中國家的友好互利合作，推動國際秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向發展。深入宣傳外交新思想新理念，貫徹實踐黨的羣衆路線和外交爲民思想，開創外交工作新局面，爲實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢創造良好外部環境。
China’s diplomatic work under new conditions, which got off to a good start, has proceeded from a stage of planning to one of all-round implementation. Taking stock of the overall developments, we find ourselves still in an important period of strategic opportunities in which much can be accomplished. Yet we also face complex and daunting challenges. The important achievements of innovations in diplomatic theory and practice made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary have not only laid a solid foundation for our diplomatic work in the immediate future, but also pointed out its correct direction. We should earnestly study and fully appreciate the essence of these innovations, draw inspirations from them and apply them in our diplomatic practice. We should build on the good beginning and forge ahead in a pioneering spirit. While continuing to improve on the strategic planning, we should give greater play to the leading role of leadership diplomacy, vigorously grow relations with other major countries, step up friendship and win-win cooperation with our neighboring countries and other developing countries and move the international order in a more just and equitable direction. We should work hard to popularize the new thinking and new ideas of Chinese diplomacy, implement the Party’s mass line and people-oriented diplomacy, and endeavor to make new progress in our diplomatic work, thus creating a more enabling external environment to make the Chinese dream, the great renewal of the Chinese nation, come true.
