雙語暢銷書《艾倫圖靈傳》第8章:水銀延時線(126)
and then:
'Controlling' and 'Active' machinery. Machinery may be described as 'controlling' if it only deals with information.
"靜態"機器和"動態"機器。我們稱一個機器是"靜態"的，當它只是處理信息。In practice this condition is much the same as saying that the magnitude of the machine's effects may be as small as we please. ...
在實踐中，我們希望這種機器的物理動作儘可能小……
'Active' machinery is intended to produce some definite physical effect.
"動態"機器則能夠產生一些明顯的物理作用。He then gave examples:
接下來圖靈列舉了一些例子：A Bulldozer
推土機Continuous Active
連續、動態A Telephone
電話Continuous Controlling
連續、靜態A Brunsviga
手搖計算器Discrete Controlling
離散、靜態A Brain is probably
大腦Continuous Controlling, but is very similar to much discrete machinery
連續、靜態，但是非常像離散機器The ENIAC, ace, etc.
ENIAC, ACE等Discrete Controlling
離散、靜態A Differential Analyser
差分機Continuous Controlling
連續、靜態A 'Brunsviga' was a standard make of desk calculator, and the point was that such a machine, like an Enigma, a Bombe, a Colossus, the ENIAC or the planned ACE was best regarded as a 'controlling' device.
謎機、炸彈機、巨人機、ENIAC，還有計劃中的ACE，這些機器都被視爲是"靜態"的，In practice it would have a physical embodiment, but the nature of the embodiment, and the magnitude of its physical effects, were essentially irrelevant.
實際上它們都是物理實體，只是它們的本質是與物理作用無關的。The Turing machine was the abstract version of such a 'discrete controlling' machine, and the cipher machines and decipherment machines were physical versions of them.
這些"離散、靜態"機器的抽象形式，就是圖靈機，而物理形式則可以是加密機、解密機等等，They had taken up much of his working life.
這兩種形式加在一起，佔據了圖靈的大部分事業生涯。And the fundamental thesis of Intelligent Machinery was that the brain could also be 'best regarded as' a machine of this kind.
這個"智能機器"的理論基礎是，大腦應該被"儘量視爲"一臺這樣的機器。
