A到Z 中國兩會熱點關鍵詞
The plenary sessions of the National People's Congress (NPC) and the National Committee of the Chinese People' s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)， popularly known as the "two sessions", are kicking off this week. What will be the big talking points? We have compiled a list of 26 hot topics, in accordance with the 26 letters in the English alphabet.
被稱作“兩會”的全國人民代表大會(NPC)與中國人民政治協商會議(CPPCC)本週拉開大幕。今年的兩會有哪些看點？我們以26個英文字母爲索引，爲你梳理26個兩會熱點話題。
A|Anti-corruption
重拳反腐
The Chinese government has adopted a zero-tolerance approach in fighting corruption since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in November 2012. In 2015, China's top anti-graFT watchdog said it will net more "tigers" and "flies" - corrupt government officials at both higher and lower levels - and combat graft in State-owned enterprises (SOEs). But how to build a long-term mechanism to supervise the exercise of official power requires suggestions from NPC deputies and CPPCC members。
2012年11月的中共十八大以來，中國政府對待反腐採取“零容忍”的態度。2015年，中國反腐監察機構表示將繼續“打虎拍蠅”，並開闢國企反腐的戰場。但是，如何建立權力監督的長期機制，仍需兩會代表獻策建言。
B|Breakup of Monopolies
破除壟斷
Although China has eased market access in many industries and started SOE reforms in a bid to mobilize private investment and break monopolies, there is still a lot to do to achieve fair competition. Experts believe the private sector will reap more fruit this year。
儘管中國已經放寬許多行業的市場準入門檻並開始國企改革，以調動私人投資，破除壟斷，但如何實現社會資源平等競爭還大有空間。專家預計，今年民營經濟在這方面將有更多收穫。C|Check of Power
簡政放權
In the past two years, China's central government has prioritized the task of cutting red tape and delegating power to lower-level governments. Altogether, 798 administrative approval items have been canceled or delegated to local governments. The move has curbed corruption and stimulated entrepreneurship. More progress can be expected in the area。
過去兩年，中央政府簡政放權成爲改革重頭戲，國務院累計取消和下放798項行政審批事項，有力地防止了腐敗，激發了創業激情。這方面還會更有新進展。D|Democracy
中國式民主
In February, the CPC Central Committee published a document proposing to promote "consultative democracy". Consultative democracy - defined as a democratic pattern in which, led by the CPC, all sections of society are consulted on major issues before and during policy-making processes - helps Chinese people take part in the country's governance and makes sure that diverse voices can be heard and consensus can be reached. The two sessions are perfect examples of China exerting consultative democracy and offer a window for people to observe and understand China's democracy。
2月，中共中央印發《關於加強社會主義協商民主建設的意見》，將協商民主定義爲“在中國共產黨領導下，人民內部各方面圍繞重大問題，在決策之前和決策實施之中開展廣泛協商，努力形成共識的重要民主形式。”而“兩會”正是“協商民主”的絕佳體現，這爲關注並試圖理解中國式民主的人們提供了視角。E|Engines
經濟引擎
In early 2015, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang put forward a fresh concept at Davos - "Two engines": "To transform the traditional engine of growth by focusing on increasing the supply of public goods and services" and "To foster a new engine of growth by encouraging mass entrepreneurship and innovation." In 2015, China is sure to take steps to fuel the "two engines" so that the economy can maintain a medium-to-high speed of growth and achieve a medium-to-high level of development。
李克強總理在瑞士達沃斯年會上發表演講時首次提出“雙引擎”概念：一方面要改造升級傳統引擎，擴大公共產品和公共服務的供給；另一方面要培育打造新引擎，推動大衆創業、萬衆創新。2015年中國將採取措施爲“雙引擎”加油，使其釋放能量助推中國經濟保持“雙中高”——實現中高速增長、邁向中高端水平。F|"Four Comprehensives"
“四個全面”
CPC mouthpiece the People's Daily has carried a series of editorials prior to the annual legislative session, expounding the concept of the "Four Comprehensives", first raised by Xi Jinping in December. The concept includes comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society, deepening reform, advancing the rule of law and strictly governing the Party. The concept, drawing widespread attention from home and abroad, is expected to be the main theme of the legislative session。
兩會前，《人民日報》發表系列評論，闡述習近平去年12月首次提出的“四個全面”——“全面建成小康社會、全面深化改革、全面推進依法治國、全面從嚴治黨”。這個新提法受到了海內外的廣泛關注，被認爲將成兩會“主旋律”。G|GDP
經濟增長
At the opening meeting of the NPC session on Thursday, Li Keqiang will reveal this year's GDP target when delivering the government work report. It is the subject of much anticipation at home and abroad. Most Chinese provinces lowered their GDP targets for 2015 at previous local legislative sessions。
3月5日的人大[微博]會議開幕會上，李克強總理在《政府工作報告》中將披露今年GDP增長預期目標，這是一個海內外普遍關注的懸念。在此前召開的地方兩會上，絕大多數省份都下調了2015年GDP增長目標。H|Hong Kong
香港
2014 was an eventful year for Hong Kong. The Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program kicked off trading. Guangdong and Hong Kong liberalized their service trade, and the Guangdong free trade zone (FTZ) was approved. Meanwhile, the illegal "occupy" protest movement negatively impacted Hong Kong's development and reform to its political system. Differences of opinion between people from the mainland and Hong Kong have surged。
2014年對香港特別行政區來說喜憂交加：“滬港通”開鑼、粵港基本實現服務貿易自由化、廣東自貿區獲批；與此同時，長達兩個多月的“佔中”非法集會也對香港的發展與政制改革帶來不良影響，兩地人員交流往來也出現了一些摩擦。I|Innovation
創新
Innovation is an engine to China's development, and reform an ignitor to the engine. As the economy enters a "new normal", and growth slows, China's economy will rely more on innovation to drive its growth。
創新是中國發展的新引擎，而改革是必不可少的點火器。在經濟步入新常態、增速明顯放緩的大趨勢下，中國經濟更加需要依靠創新驅動。J|Jobs
就業＆創業
The number of jobs forecast to be created this year will be revealed at the annual legislative session. In the past two years, despite an economic slowdown, the number of newly-created jobs has increased steadily. China is promoting employment through encouraging business start-ups, cutting red tape and delegating power to lower-level governments。
今年中國決心創造多少新就業崗位，將在兩會中披露。近兩年，在經濟增速放緩的同時，新增就業人數卻穩步上升。中國正在用激勵創業、簡政放權的辦法推動就業。K|Key Policies
關鍵政策
China's fiscal and monetary policies in 2015 under the circumstances of slowed economic growth are the key focus of the two sessions。
在經濟增速放緩的情況下，中國如何制定2015年的財政政策與貨幣政策，將成爲兩會的重中之重。L|Law
法治
2015 has been defined by the Chinese leadership as "the first year of comprehensively promoting the rule of law". The two sessions are expected to address legal and judicial aspects in detail: for example, a bill to amend the Legislation Law。
2015年是中國全面推進依法治國的開局之年。兩會將具體細化依法治國各項任務，如審議立法法修正案草案。M|Military
國防軍事
China's military expenditure will definitely become one of the most discussed topics during the two sessions in Western and domestic media. The question China faces is how to build and manage a stronger army in new conditions。
兩會將披露一個海內外極其關注的數據：中國的軍費。新形勢下中國如何治軍強軍成爲關注焦點。N|New Normal
新常態
"New normal" is a buzz word in 2014 and it will be the first appearance of the word at the two sessions since it became a guideline for Chinese leaders in economic policy-making。
“新常態”名列2014年度中國十大新詞語榜首，並已經成爲領導人制訂經濟政策的依據。今年兩會，是“新常態”一詞成爲政策話語後的第一次兩會。O|Opening up
開放
China became a net foreign investor for the first time in 2014. However, foreign capital still plays a vital role in the Chinese economy, especially in improving the quality and efficiency of growth and in driving innovation. In 2015, China will further open up its service sector, guided by experience distilled from the Shanghai Free Trade Zone。
2014年，中國第一次成爲對外淨投資國。但是，外資對中國經濟仍然必不可少，特別體現在經濟提質增效和創新驅動發展等方面。2015年，中國將繼續擴大多個領域對外開放，同時推廣上海自貿區經驗。P|Pollution
污染問題
"We will resolutely declare war against pollution as we declared war against poverty," said Premier Li Keqiang at the parliamentary sessions last year. A poll has showed that pollution control and environmental protection remains one of the biggest areas of public concern ahead of the two sessions。
“我們要像對貧困宣戰一樣，堅決向污染宣戰。”去年兩會上李克強總理的這句話擲地有聲。網調顯示，污染問題和環境治理是今年兩會前最受公衆關注的話題之一。Q|Quality
質量
China will not pursue statistical growth single-mindedly, but try to strike a balance where industrial transformation and upgrading and a rational growth rate can all be achieved. The country is embarking on a development path characterized by efficiency, quality, sustainability and steadiness。
中國表示將不再簡單追求增長速度，而將在轉型升級與保持合理增長區間內找到一個黃金平衡點，追求有效率、高質量、可持續、更穩健有力的發展。R|Reform
改革
This year has been defined by the top leadership as a crucial period for deepening reform. In which fields will these reforms take place? The government work report will give the answer。
用領導人的話說，以全面深化改革爲特徵的中國新改革今年進入了關鍵之年。改革將在哪些領域落筆？《政府工作報告》將給出答案。S|Silk Road
絲綢之路
It is widely expected that more tangible achievements will be made in the "Belt and Road" networks. At their local legislative sessions, 31 Chinese provinces, cities and autonomous regions said they would actively participate in or support the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road。
各方普遍預測2015年將成爲“一帶一路”(絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路)做深做實的一年。多個省市區在地方兩會上表示將積極參與或服務於“一帶一路”。T|Tibet
西藏
2015 marks the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Tibet Autonomous Region. The Chinese central government's policies on governing Tibet will attract attention from reporters home and abroad。
2015年是西藏自治區成立50週年。中央治藏政策將是海內外記者們關注的話題。U|United States
中美關係
Xi Jinping is scheduled to pay a State visit to the United States in September. Last year, China and the United States reached consensus in aspects including visa arrangements, trade and military trust. The two sides also released the landmark China-U.S. Joint Announcement on Climate Change. Reporters will try to get some hints on how China and the United States will rise above their differences。
習近平主席將於今年9月應邀對美進行國事訪問。去年中美就簽證互惠、軍事互信、貿易談判等問題達成多項協議與共識，還發表了具有里程碑意義的《中美氣候變化聯合聲明》。未來兩國如何拓展合作、管控分歧，各國記者們很可能借兩會場合一探究竟。V|Values
價值觀
Authorities believe that moral and ethical education should run through the reform and opening up and influence ordinary people's lives, with the core socialist values of harmony, integrity and fairness being cultivated。
中國正提倡把精神文明建設貫穿改革開放和現代化全過程、滲透社會生活各方面，並大力培育和諧、公正、平等等社會主義核心價值觀。W|World
世界
Given China's fast development and closer ties with other nations, the world cares ever more about Chinese views and attitudes. Attention will be given to a series of regional hot-spot issues and worldwide issues at the two sessions。
隨着中國的迅速發展和與世界的聯繫更加緊密，“中國怎麼看”正變得越來越重要。一系列全球和地區熱點話題將在兩會受到關注。X|Xi Jinping
習近平
The schedule of the Chinese President Xi Jinping will be closely watched. International and domestic media are wondering what he will say when discussing state affairs with national lawmakers and political advisors。
國家主席習近平的兩會日程引人注目，國內外媒體都關注他與代表委員共商國是時會講到什麼。Y|Year
承前啓後之年
2015 marks the final year of China's 12th Five-Year Plan, and will also usher in the 13th Five-Year Plan towards the end of the year. The two sessions comes at a crucial period of time in between。
今年是全面完成“十二五”規劃的收官之年，中國即將開啓“十三五”規劃。兩會恰逢全面建成小康社會承前啓後的關鍵時間點。Z|Zone
自貿區
A year and a half after the launch of the pioneering Shanghai FTZ, similar FTZs in Guangdong, Fujian and Tianjin have been approved and may have an official kick-off very soon. Experts say they are not simple copies of the Shanghai FTZ, but more regionally integrated, targeted, and differentiated in their functions。
中國首個自由貿易試驗區正式於上海掛牌近一年半後，粵閩津三個新設自貿區正式掛牌之日漸近。專家認爲新一批自貿區並非對上海自貿區經驗的簡單複製，而是區域化特徵明顯、目標指向性更強，走差異化道路。
